mechanism
Enantioselective kink binding
Enantioselective kink binding
Nam-lab helicoid 시스템의 핵심 키랄성 생성 메커니즘: 키랄 분자가 고지수 facet 위 한쪽 손방향의 kink 자리에 우선적으로 결합하여 성장을 편향시키고 거울 대칭을 깬다.
메커니즘 (Lee et al., Nature (2018)로부터)
- 디렉터가 없으면, 성장은 비키랄 stellated-octahedron-Au를 준다 — {321} facet이 R ((321)ᴿ)과 S ((3̄21)ˢ) kink의 대칭적 분포를 가진다.
- 키랄 디렉터 (L-cysteine)가 그 thiol (Au–S) + amine 그룹을 통해 R-영역 kink에 우선적으로 결합한다.
- 결합은 R 영역에서 수직 성장을 늦춘다 → R–S 경계가 −φ만큼 S 영역 쪽으로 이동한다 (D-Cys: +φ, 반대 손방향) — 이 성장-속도론적 결과는 asymmetric-RS-boundary-growth에 상세히 다룬다.
- 비키랄 4̄/m 3̄ 2/m 대칭이 키랄 432로 깨진다 → helicoid.
단일-kink 대 다중-kink
- 단일 아미노산 (L-cysteine)은 단일 kink와 상호작용 → 내부 경계 (AC) 변형 → 432-helicoid-I.
- 더 큰 펩타이드 (L-glutathione)는 여러 kink와 동시에 맞물린다고 추론된다 → 외부 경계 (AB) 변형 → 432-helicoid-II.
피복도 의존성
**극히 낮은 표면 피복도 (~0.01 monolayer)**를 요구한다. 높은 피복도에서는 약한 amine/carboxyl 모티프가 kink 선택성을 잃고 키랄성이 억제된다 (see Lee et al., Nature (2018)).
증거
말단-차단(terminal-blocking) 실험 (see Lee et al., Nature (2018), Extended Data Fig. 5a,e):
- N-acetyl-L-Cys (amine 차단) → 키랄성 소멸.
- L-Cys ethyl ester (carboxyl 차단) → g-factor ~10× 감소.
- L-GSH는 γ-Glu 링커를 필요로 하고 (α-Glu는 키랄성을 저하시킴) 그 Gly –COOH 도 필요하다 (C-차단 → 비키랄).
→ thiol + amine + carboxyl 모두가 {321} kink에서 참여한다. 요구 피복도는 L-cysteine에 대해 극히 낮고 (~0.01 ML, ~2.5 nm 간격), 다중-kink L-glutathione에 대해서는 더 높다 (~0.22 ML, ~1.3 nm 간격).
로컬 그래프 (30 연결)
드래그·휠로 탐색 · 노드 호버 → 관계 · 클릭 → 페이지
나가는 연결 (21)
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Stellated octahedron Au ({321})
mechanism acts on {321} R/S kinks
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Asymmetric R–S boundary growth
recognition step -> growth-kinetic boundary shift outcome
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432 Helicoid IV
L-Cys binds R high-index regions; (331)/(221)/(553) facets observed by HRTEM (Suppl Fig 7)
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Chiral Pd nanoparticle (spiral cube faces)
Proposed Pd high-index kink selectivity; weaker than Au {321}, no XPS/DFT evidence
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Electrostatic-complementarity kink catalysis (σ-hole/σ-lump)
growth-directing and catalytic kink selectivity share the same R/S kink surface excess mechanism
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Chiral growth mechanisms
member of umbrella chiral-growth-mechanisms
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역링크 (33)
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Chirality transfer (molecular → morphological)
kink binding is how molecular->morphological transfer is realized
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Seed-mediated chiral overgrowth
process vs symmetry-breaking why
← relates_to
Surface chirality of high-Miller-index facets
chiral surface hosts enantioselective adsorption
← relates_to
Chiral morphogenesis pathway (RDH3 / CBH1 and crossover)
S-chiral kink expansion drives chirality in both models; atomistic confirmation
← relates_to
Bioinspired molecular (intermolecular) encoder
synthetic encoder = chiral peptide binding enantioselectively at R/S kinks; D-Cys 140 meV stronger than L-Cys on Au(17 11 9)S
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Oligomer-conformation chirality transfer (intra-strand H-bonding)
same Au(321)R/S kink platform; but enantioselectivity from oligomer intra-strand H-bonding (0.016 eV/base) not monomer (0.007 eV negligible)
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Collective CD enantioselective sensing (CR mode of a 2D helicoid crystal)
Both are enantioselective mechanisms based on chiral gold surfaces; different scale (collective photonic vs atomic kink)
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432 Helicoid III
S/R area ratio 2.16 (L-GSH) vs 0.46 (D-GSH) confirmed by STEM tomography crystallographic mapping
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Kang et al., Nat. Commun. (2025)
Au(321) kink enantioselectivity for D-glucose on cubelike D-GSH NPs (Kd 28.2 vs 60.9 uM); morphologically distinct from Helicoid III (paper_234) but same mechanism
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